What was actually tested, and what it found.

“However, no scientific evidence supports their role in skincare products.”

“Biological and sensory effects were evaluated on a panel of 12 volunteers for 28 days.”

“The gel formulation containing 96% rice water was biocompatible with the human skin and presented suitable cosmetic properties.”

“The skin healing benefits of rice have been known for centuries.”

“Rice water presented in vitro biological antioxidant activity and elastase inhibitory effect.”

“Of the ingredients reviewed, soy and licorice had the most clinical evidence supporting their efficacy, while all other ingredients were supported by in vitro studies.”

“the court ladies of the Heian Period, whose beautiful long hair, called suberakashi, reached to the floor, were said to have combed their hair each day using Yu‐Su‐Ru (rinse water obtained from the washing of rice)”

“when hair was treated with Yu‐Su‐Ru alone, flaking was observed on the hair surface”

“Individual components of rice have been identified including phenolic compounds, betaine, squalene, tricin, and rice bran.”

“Literature suggests that rice-derived ingredients are also safe, non-irritating, and hypoallergenic.”

“Rice has been used for cosmetic purposes for centuries”

“Exposure to rice-starch-containing bath water--twice daily for 15 min--led to a 20% improvement on the healing capacity of damaged skin.”

“bioactive phytochemicals present in the bran portion of the rice such as ferulic acid, tricin, β-sitosterol, γ-oryzanol, tocotrienols/tocopherols, and phytic acid”

“Rice oils, fatty acids, and waxes were, at most, mildly irritating in clinical studies.”

“The CIR Expert Panel concluded that these rice-derived ingredients are safe as cosmetic ingredients in the practices of use and concentrations as described in this safety assessment.”

“10 studies were analyzed: six regarding the efficacy of RB for hair growth, and four analyzing the safety profile of RB.”

“part of cultural skin and hair care practices in Asia”

“GFF induced the nuclear translocation of AhR with significant and dose-dependent upregulation of CYP1A1, FLG and LOR gene expression.”

“we compared facial parameters reflecting aging of the skin in 1999 and 2010 in 86 female volunteers.”

“The other authors are employees of P&G Innovation GK.”

“it was observed that elderly workers at a sake brewery had smooth, clear and young-looking hands”

“A yeast extract that the company calls Pitera was eventually isolated for cosmetic use and the brand was launched in the early 1980s.”

“Ferulic acid is a potent ubiquitous plant antioxidant.”

“doubled photoprotection to solar-simulated irradiation of skin from 4-fold to approximately 8-fold as measured by both erythema and sunburn cell formation”

“Kojic acid (KA) is a natural metabolite produced by fungi that has the ability to inhibit tyrosinase activity in synthesis of melanin.”

“The Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) Expert Panel concluded that the 2 end points of concern, dermal sensitization and skin lightening, would not be seen at use concentrations below 1%; therefore, this ingredient is safe for use in cosmetic products up to that level.”

“Natural compounds are associated with low risk for adverse events, but more research is needed to determine the efficacy, optimal formulation, and appropriate concentration of novel treatments.”

“Effective treatment for dark spots and patches begins with sunscreen.”

“These ingredients can fade existing dark spots.”

“When your skin is no longer irritated, new dark spots tend to stop appearing and existing spots often clear on their own over time.”

“A spot that is a few shades darker than your natural skin color will usually fade within 6 to 12 months.”

“You may have success with a product that you can buy without a prescription.”

“use a product that contains one of the following ingredients: Azelaic acid Glycolic acid Kojic acid”

“Don't let the ice rest on any portion of your skin for too long, as it could cause the aforementioned irritation and redness — and even frostbite.”

“If you can see a spider web of little red lines under your skin, avoid ice, which can make them worse and prevent healing.”

“isn't a cure-all or a long-term fix for skin problems like acne, genetic under-eye bags, wrinkles or other issues.”

“You shouldn't do it more than once a day”

“If you're recovering from cosmetic surgery, lasers, peels or another procedure, skip facial icing”

“wrap an ice cube in a thin cloth, which will protect the skin on your face and your hands”

“can specifically reduce the appearance of a puffy under-eye area”

“Although the exact mechanism of cooling has not been extensively studied scientifically”

“However, cold can be a trigger for flare-ups in many sufferers, so be cautious and discontinue the practice if you notice any irritation.”

“Also, it's best not to apply ice cubes directly to the skin.”

“The diagnosis is based on history taking and the ice cube test.”

“Something physical touching your skin (e.g., sunlight, pressure, or cold)”

“Apply the product to a test spot twice daily for seven to 10 days.”

“Choose a quarter-sized spot on your skin where the product won't be rubbed or washed away, such as the underside of your arm or the bend of your elbow.”

“A 30-year-old man with atopic dermatitis had had erythema and itching of the hands after washing rice in water, though he had always eaten cooked rice without problems.”

“Never use an astringent or toner.”

“Test skin care products and makeup before applying them to your face.”

“Treat your skin gently. Wash your face with cleansers made for sensitive skin, and moisturize regularly. Avoid exfoliants and products that contain alcohol.”

“Triggers vary among individuals”

“Hot or cold weather.”

“A creamy moisturizer can soothe the itch and dryness.”

“Avoid scrubbing your skin, which tends to irritate the skin and worsen keratosis pilaris.”

“Applying too much or using it more often than indicated can cause raw, irritated skin.”

“Exfoliate gently.”

“Apply a product called a keratolytic.”

“Rinse with lukewarm water and pat dry with a soft towel.”

“Don't add water or saliva to cosmetic products, such as mascara. You may be adding harmful microorganisms.”

“Some microorganisms may grow faster in warm or damp storage conditions, and preservatives in the product may break down.”

“Cosmetics do not have to be sterile, but they must not contain any harmful microorganisms, and the number of aerobic microorganisms per gram must be low.”

“Exposure to moisture, such as in a bathroom, may make it easier for bacteria and fungi to grow.”

“FDA considers determining a product's shelf life to be part of the manufacturer's responsibility.”

“Stick to the "two-hour rule" for leaving items needing refrigeration out at room temperature.”

“Keep the refrigerator temperature at or below 40° F (4° C). The freezer temperature should be 0° F (-18° C).”

“Be aware that food can make you very sick even when it doesn't look, smell, or taste spoiled.”

“one hour if the air temperature is above 90° F”

“Eat leftovers within 48 hours or freeze them if you think this won't be possible.”

“A freezer acts as a pause button - food in a freezer won't go bad and most bacteria cannot grow in it.”

“This process affects the quality of the foods, rather than the safety.”

“It's also important to use food within 24 hours after it's been fully defrosted”

“The spores of B. cereus survived cooking and were capable of germination and outgrowth.”

“After boiling the rice should either be kept hot (> 63 degrees C.) or cooled quickly and transferred to a refrigerator within 2 hr. of cooking.”

“Bacillus cereus is widespread in nature and frequently isolated from soil and growing plants”

“Rinse washing was effective at removing circa. 10% of the total and inorganic arsenic from basmati rice, but was less effective for other rice types.”

“Rice is a major staple food worldwide and a dietary source of arsenic.”

“For adults, long-term exposure to inorganic arsenic has been associated with skin disorders and increased risks for skin, bladder, and lung cancers, and for cardiovascular disease.”

“absorption rates (0.6-4.4% absorption) are consistent with prior research using the more sensitive, radiolabeled technique”

“Skin contact with inorganic arsenic may cause redness and swelling.”